Useful for UGC NET
This is the complete study package for Computational Statistics & R Programming — a hands-on course that takes you from computer fundamentals, through statistical data analysis in MS-Excel, into full R programming for data structures, exploratory data analysis and visualisation. Every concept is defined, explained, illustrated with two examples, and — where useful — backed by a ready-to-run R script.
Applications & components of a computer; CPU, input/output, memory & storage; programming languages; files & folders; software types; operating systems (Windows, Linux).
UNIT 2Data entry & editing; copy / paste-special; sort & filter; AutoSum; mean & SD with statistical functions; matrix transpose, multiply, inverse; bar / line / pie charts; export to Word & PowerPoint.
UNIT 3Scatter diagram; fitting straight-line, polynomial & power curves; \(R^2\) and trendline equation; FORECAST & TREND; Data Analysis ToolPak; t-test & one-way ANOVA; the \(p\)-value.
UNIT 4Introduction & features of R; RStudio; assignment, modes, operators, special numbers, logicals; functions & help; data structures & control structures; vectors — create, index, name, operate, recycle, vectorised if-else, NA / NULL, filtering & subsetting.
UNIT 5Matrices & operations; data frames — create, name, access, add/remove, merge; factors & tables; exploratory data analysis (central tendency, variability, summary, missing values, outliers, normalisation); data visualisation — basic, advanced & 3-D plots.
PRACTICALInstalling R and RStudio, and the working directory; packages; basic operations; vectors; distance
matrix; student-marks data frame; price and demand matrices; summary() and dispersion;
bar / multiple bar / histogram / box / line / scatter plots. Each set out as Question, Aim, Steps,
Programme, and Execution and Results.
Course outline, textbooks, references and exam blueprint.
install.packages()
command downloads add-on libraries (such as ggplot2) once; thereafter library()
loads them in each session.