Useful for UGC NET · CSIR NET · ASRB NET · ISS
This is the complete study package for Inferential Statistics — the science of drawing conclusions about a population from a sample. Each unit builds the toolkit progressively: from estimating parameters to testing hypotheses, large & small sample tests, and finally distribution-free (non-parametric) methods. Every concept comes with two worked examples.
Estimator vs estimate; criteria — unbiasedness, consistency, efficiency, sufficiency; method of moments & MLE; Rao–Cramer inequality; confidence intervals.
UNIT 2Null & alternative hypotheses, critical region, type I & II errors, level of significance, p-value, power, one- vs two-tailed tests, Neyman–Pearson lemma.
UNIT 3Z-tests for single mean, difference of means; tests for proportions; standard deviations; correlation coefficient; CIs.
UNIT 4t-test for single mean, difference of means, paired t-test; \(\chi^2\) test for goodness of fit and independence; F-test for equality of variances.
UNIT 5Run test, sign test, Wilcoxon signed-rank, Median test, Mann–Whitney U test, Wald–Wolfowitz runs test.
PRACTICALHands-on hypothesis testing — Z, t, F, χ², non-parametric tests with full computations and conclusions.
REFERENCECourse outline, textbooks, references and exam blueprint.